Do you have frequent headaches, especially in the morning?
Although headaches are not often considered a dental health concern, chronic headaches can signify a temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Commonly called TMJ, a TMD is often the result of an imbalance in the bite, which strains the jaw joints, causing painful symptoms. Addressing a bite disorder such as TMJ is important for dental health and quality of life.
Signs of TMJ Headaches
TMJ headaches are caused by problems with the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which connects the jaw to the skull. Tension or dysfunction in the TMJ often causes these headaches, leading to discomfort and pain. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of TMJ headaches is crucial to understanding when to seek treatment and preventing further complications.
Pain in the Jaw or Face
One of the most common signs of a TMJ headache is pain or tenderness in the jaw or face. This pain may feel like a dull ache or sharp discomfort near the joint. The pain often spreads to nearby areas, such as the cheeks, temples, or neck. People experiencing TMJ headaches may notice that the pain worsens when they chew, talk, or yawn, as these movements put pressure on the jaw joint.
Headaches Focused Around the Temples
TMJ headaches are often felt around the temples and on the sides of the head. This is because the temporomandibular joint is located near the temple area, and tension or inflammation in the joint can trigger pain that radiates upward. The headache may feel like a tension headache or even resemble a migraine. In some cases, the pain can be severe and last for hours, making it difficult to concentrate or go about daily activities.
Ear Pain or Ringing
Many people with TMJ headaches also experience ear-related symptoms, such as ear pain or a sensation of fullness in the ears. This happens because the temporomandibular joint is located close to the ear canal. Pressure or inflammation in the joint can affect the ear, leading to discomfort. Some people may also experience tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, which can be frustrating and distracting.
Jaw Clicking or Popping Sounds
Another common sign of TMJ problems is a clicking or popping sound in the jaw. This noise can occur when you open or close your mouth, chew, or yawn. While some people may not feel pain with this sound, others may experience discomfort along with the clicking or popping. In more severe cases, the jaw may become stuck or locked, making it difficult to open or close the mouth fully.
Stiffness or Limited Movement in the Jaw
People with TMJ headaches may also notice stiffness or difficulty moving their jaw. This stiffness can make it hard to open the mouth wide or move the jaw from side to side. Over time, this limitation in movement can contribute to jaw pain and headaches as the muscles surrounding the TMJ become strained and overworked.
Neck and Shoulder Pain
TMJ issues affect the jaw but can also cause pain in the neck and shoulders. This happens because the muscles that support the jaw joint are connected to the muscles in the neck and shoulders. When the TMJ is under stress, the tension can radiate through these muscles, leading to neck and upper back aches and stiffness. This muscle tension can also worsen headaches, creating a cycle of discomfort.
Teeth Grinding or Clenching (Bruxism)
Teeth grinding or clenching, also known as bruxism, is a common cause of TMJ headaches. Many people grind or clench their teeth while they sleep, putting extra pressure on the jaw joint. This repeated strain can lead to muscle tension and headaches over time. In addition to headaches, people who grind their teeth may experience tooth sensitivity, worn-down teeth, and jaw pain when they wake up.
Sensitivity to Light or Sound
Some people with TMJ headaches may experience sensitivity to light (photophobia) or sound (phonophobia), symptoms commonly associated with migraines. While not everyone with TMJ headaches will have this sensitivity, it can occur in more severe cases where the headache mimics a migraine. This sensitivity can make it difficult to be in bright or noisy environments, adding to the discomfort.
Treatment for TMJ Headaches in Arlington Heights
Dr. Engelberg will discuss your dental concerns and health history and perform a thorough dental exam before recommending appropriate treatment for TMJ and related symptoms. Treatment options include an oral appliance, such as a TMJ mouthguard, and/or bite correction therapy to address problems with the alignment of the teeth and jaw joints.
- TMJ Mouthguard—Dr. Engelberg can create a custom removable appliance worn during sleep. This treatment reduces or prevents teeth grinding and clenching, which in turn reduces the occurrence of morning headaches.
- Bite Correction – Headaches often result from an unbalanced bite. Drs. Engelberg may recommend restorative treatments such as dental crowns, bonding, or orthodontics to reshape the teeth and balance the bite.
- Botox Therapeutic- Dr. Engelberg and Dr. Basko are trained in treating TMJ-related headaches through Botox injections. When used for TMJ, Botox Therapeutic can reduce the frequency and intensity of headaches associated with the disorder by limiting the ability to clench or grind the jaw. Patients will enjoy relief for up to 6 months. For your convenience, you may receive your touch-up treatments during your bi-annual dentist office visits.
Headache Therapy FAQs
TMJ is a debilitating condition that can cause headaches and facial pain. Learn more by reading the answers to these commonly asked questions.
How do I know that I have a TMJ headache?
TMJ headaches may last longer than other types of headaches. In addition to your headache, you may also feel tension in your jaw, facial tightness, or pain in your temples and jaw.
Why do I suddenly have a tension headache?
You can have a headache flare up for several reasons. Everyday stress, clenching and grinding your teeth, and clenching your jaw can contribute to tension headaches. Tension in the facial muscles can create headaches.
How long do TMJ headaches last?
If you have a TMJ disorder, you can experience headaches for several hours at a time. You can experience headaches on and off for days or weeks. TMJ headaches can become chronic if left untreated. If you have jaw and tooth pain and headaches, contact a dentist for TMJ treatment.
Can fixing crooked teeth prevent headaches?
In some cases, orthodontic treatment can prevent TMJ symptoms, including headaches. We may recommend fixing crooked teeth to create a more balanced bite. Many patients with uneven bites and crooked teeth are likelier to clench or grind their teeth, leading to headaches. Misaligned teeth can also place pressure on different areas of the mouth and jaw, straining facial muscles.
Why does caffeine worsen TMJ headaches?
Drinking coffee and tea or consuming other foods and drinks that contain caffeine worsens headaches. This is because caffeine increases activity in the brain and the nervous system. Caffeine circulates cortisol and adrenaline throughout the body. In turn, you may feel more anxious or stressed when totally alert.
Can medication treat TMJ headaches?
At home, you can take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAIDS). A doctor may also prescribe muscle relaxants to take before bed to reduce bruxism that contributes to TMJ headaches.